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“This head is more than churches or bibles or creeds” (Walt Whitman: Leaves of Grass) Hinduism: Ātman – The soul or the true or eternal self, or the self-existent essence within each individual.
My soul exists — it simply, is. So also my mind. The one perhaps deeper Buried than the other. We may say, I know my mind, My mind is made up As, consciously, we process the day, Accepting or denying the stimuli That the world and its people offer. But my soul is the me I have come to know In the years of my life. I can sit in silence and let my soul be While my mind worries the day. I know that my soul is the sum Of the me I know: The product of my upbringing, Of all my people and surroundings; It is the me that I know; That they know; The spirit at the core of me; The consciousness that I write: I am the poet of my soul.
Sunk in the Great Storm of 1703 on the Goodwin Sands
What decision earned them then their terrible fate, Near all who manned her on that fearful date Officers, brave men and knaves All helpless before the mighty wind and roiling waves?
Here were the mighty ships of the greatest British fleet Fresh from a campaign in sunny Mediterranean heat Ill prepared for the Channel’s icy winter gales Soaked by seas and frozen by winds that shredded sails
The crew on deck saw the land and houses of Lower Deal Their thoughts turned to women, ale, and a decent meal But all came second to the watch’s worth As Captain Johnson sought to find his ship a berth
In a crowded anchorage, it took all his skill to guide His ship, under reduced sail and against the rising tide, Between so many mighty naval vessels; While, to reduce her canvas, the whole crew wrestles
They let go their best bower from the starboard bow Ten fathoms of heavy hemp streamed from the prow Then another twenty fathoms more To keep the anchor holding on that sandy sea floor
Heavy canvas sails were lashed to the spars tight Anchor watch set, the men stood down for the night With salt beef, hard tack and stale beer … And the anchor held whilst the gale winds blew clear
Stormy days followed but then a late November day Saw a winter sun shine weakly as the waves lost their sway Longshoremen and their beach boats were all around And Admiral Sir Cloudsley Shovell was Medway bound!
His three-deckers up-anchored for a short sail worth The safety and shore leave of a Chatham winter berth The Stirling Castle watched them leave the sound: They were for Portsmouth when the wind went round.
A short lull but in two days the south-westerly gales grew Top-masts and lower yards were taken down by the crew – To offer less purchase for the gale – Lashed securely to the decks, but needed later when they sail
Late November: the new moon meant tides at high-water Reached their strongest, with winds shrieking no quarter Ships in the Downs dropped a second anchor fast, As rigging and spars bowed before a wind that cracked a mast
Blocks and rigging fell among the men, spume crashed, flaying The for’d watch as the anchor dragged, every man praying At pumps to empty bilges, or in the maelstrom’s face Watching for vessels dragging anchor, bearing down on their space
Hours passed, the wind blew stronger, the ebb tide began to flow Against the wind: waves grew rougher, the anchor dragged slow, Held, and dragged some more. Half turning to the tide The ship rolled and mountainous waves took men over the side.
They knew she could not survive much longer. Men fell to prayer Brave men, soaked, shivering, beaten by a mighty storm so rare. At low tide they felt the keel judder on the Sands: The Stirling Castle, broken on Bunt Head, sunk with her hands.
It was the early hours of the 27th November 1703 Of the four hundred men who set sail on the Stirling Castle Only sixty-two survived the storm; Over one thousand naval sailors were lost that night But seventy ships rode out the storm.
A spot of yellow, of buttercup yellow, shone amongst the grazing grass and, cunning low beneath the sward, the ever mist-moist moss: yellow, risen to bring sunlight at end of dreary day
This is the pewter hour, dull dusk’s light loss drains energy from the fields, quiets the lambs to lie sheep-shielded, yet lets night’s beetle see, above the grounded grass, an outlived sun remembered
Magazines and newspapers discuss ‘AI’ all of the time. If you read any opinion piece or article about the advances being made in computing and software capabilities, you are almost certain to be reading about something they call ‘AI’.
No explanation!
No definition!
But AI has so many faces, and ChatBots / Large Language Models – as well as the infamous image-altering software – are just two – and are arguably the best known, most insidious, and least useful! And probably the least important.
You are almost certainly using a form of AI already in advanced web search engines and through recommendations such as those made by shopping applications. But you should think also of robotics, statistical analysis, planning, strategy work and games (such as chess) as well as image analysis (that aids research and medical diagnostics) – perhaps the most important AI application. AI is also used in agriculture (crop planning, and automation including the in-field navigation of tractors and control of sowing and fertilisation), to take on repetitive tasks, in environmental modelling and in computer animation, to name but a few. The applications are so varied!
And yet ‘AI’ is used ubiquitously – as shorthand – by politicians and journalists… and most readers probably understand them to be discussing and promoting Chatbots – of which I have written at length elsewhere (pdf). I will not repeat that here except to say again that ChatBots are NOT search engines and do NOT offer facts or information; they are tools that make conversation… and at that they are excellent.
So, writers and politicians, please use the right term for the aspect of AI you wish to discuss and explain exactly what it is that you are talking about!
What follows is a quotation from a recent article The Guardian by Sophie McBain. She in turn quotes Michael Gerlich of the Centre for Strategic Corporate Foresight and Sustainability:
Like many researchers, Gerlich believes that, used in the right way, AI can make us cleverer and more creative – but the way most people use it produces bland, unimaginative, factually questionable work. One concern is the so-called “anchoring effect”. If you post a question to generative AI, the answer it gives you sets your brain on a certain mental path and makes you less likely to consider alternative approaches. “I always use the example: imagine a candle. Now, AI can help you improve the candle. It will be the brightest ever, burn the longest, be very cheap and amazing looking, but it will never develop into a lightbulb,” he says. To get from a candle to a lightbulb you need a human who is good at critical thinking, someone who might take a chaotic, unstructured, unpredictable approach to problem solving. When, as happen in many workplaces, companies roll out tools such as chatbot Copilot without offering decent AI training, they risk producing teams of candle-makers in a world that demands lightbulbs.”
Knowledge – having knowledge – is incredibly important, so that when you hear something that’s questionable or maybe fake, you think, “Wait a minute, that contradicts all the knowledge I have that says otherwise, right?”
It just keep coming! I thought that I had said or written everything that I needed to say or write – at least for a couple of months. But my metaphorical ink is barely dry and I am hit by another article highlighting another aspect (I might say risk). I have made it clear that you cannot expect ChatBots to give advice or even answers as would a human agent. I have said that they have inherent bias. I have said that their responses have no moral or ethical standards on which to draw.
Now I have to add that they have no desire… yet, no wish to do anything except respond… yet. Barely three paragraphs into his long article (Computers that want things) in the London Review of Books 47:18, 9th October, James Meek states:
…existing iterations of AI can’t do that – care. The chatbot doesn’t not care like a human not caring: it doesn’t care like a rock doesn’t care, or a glass of water. AI doesn’t want anything.
and then:
[Artificial General Intelligence – the next generation] will have to have some approximation of initiative, imagination and conscience, and the scientist-coders can’t set aside the part of the human brain that is inextricably bound up with reason: motivation. At this level, how could there be AI, artificial intelligence, without AD, artificial desire?
And that sounds like something that most of us wold not want. Meek suggests that
we stand in a position to transcend evolution by defining the advanced AI we make as unselfish and benign. [But (quoting Geoffrey Hinton) he continues], ‘Suppose we make one million superintelligent AI entities, and all but three of them are kind, non-expansionist, selfless and non-tribal. But three of them are expansionist and self-interested. Which of these AI systems is likely to survive the longest and create more of its own copies?’
The ‘dangers’ of AI do not only exist in job losses!
This is a must-read article!
P.S.
I have written about the inherent bias in ChatBots and Large Language Models before. An article in Aeon, ‘Holes in the Web’ points out that the under-representation of many languages means that local or indigenous knowledge is often lost or significantly under-represented. The LLMs also reinforce this as they are trained on data shaped by previous AI outputs, underrepresented knowledge can become less visible – not because it lacks merit, but because it is less frequently retrieved. The more one source is used the further into the background sink the others.
“The disappearance of local knowledge is not a trivial loss. It is a disruption to the larger web of understanding that sustains both human and ecological wellbeing. “
I have just published a PDF article that is based largely on the blog posts mentioned below. It will certainly be more readable than the individual postings. It is quite long as I have added some additional material, references and included in full the two ‘conversations’ with ChatGPT. It is my hope that it will generate discussion about the place of generative AI and ChatBots in society and in our lives.
Some of my writings and thoughts about the use and abuse of artificial intelligence have percolated through to the professional press – you can read an interview with me on the subject here.
Inevitably in such a short piece as much has been left unsaid as has been said so if it has piqued your curiosity – or better still, your interest – the five earlier entries in this blog can be found below:
The two conversations with ChatGPT expose some of its weaknesses and demonstrate how careful users should be in making use of its responses. My message to anyone reading this is:
Large Language Models are NOT search engines.
They are machines to write prose that matches – that seems to make sense in terms of – your query. They do NOT necessarily provide an answer to your question.
I shall be at the Ceredigion Art & Craft Trail event at Aberystwyth Bandstand in person on Sunday 4th May and shall be happy to talk about my writing or sign copies of the following books:
Mostly Welsh: Poems of landscape, love and loss – my first collection is rooted in the Anglo-Welsh tradition, offering something for everyone as they read of the landscapes where I live and of his life. There are powerful poems dealing with love and loss, time and memory, and emotion. One reviewer said “these poems have a directness, honesty and crispness of diction which enables the poet to communicate the most raw of experiences with a degree of sureness, restraint and power.”
Book of the Spirit: this slim collection of poems rooted in the mythologies of religion, church, synagogue and the Zen Buddhist temple or monastery, as well as the Graeco-Roman gods and muses, blends theologies around a single belief system, a religion centred on love. The collection speaks from – and for – the spirit of the modern world. It is the voice of our deepest, most primal faith.
Lost Time: Chorus and Other Poems, brings together a collection of poems written during the last two to three years. There are poems that relate to Place, the Sea (if not the sea, then the horizon! The sea is always there for me), Writing, Memories and Time… and a few poems brought about by Covid and lockdown found their way in at the beginning.
The Dark Trilogy is fictional autobiography based on one of the longest poems in Mostly Welsh. It blends fact and fiction to create a complex story with many strands… a story of the sea, a story of passionate love, a story about a poet.
When I Am Not Writing Poetry: Selected Short Stories was written during the latter half of 2020 while I was locked down in front of my computer during Covid! And there are only so many poems a man can write!
Ceredigion Art & Craft Showcase, The Bandstand, Aberystwyth
Sunday 4th May – Wednesday 7th May 2025, 9am – 8pm. (5pm on the final day).
The Ceredigion Art & Craft Trail was formed to raise the profile of artists and crafts people in Ceredigion, which it does through their website and through a number of exhibition-sales throughout the year. The first in 2025 will be over the Spring Bank Holiday. I shall be there for some of the time and my books will be available at the desk.
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